2021
Prevalence and risk factor assessment of digital eye strain among children using online e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: Digital eye strain among kids (DESK study-1).
A. Mohan, P. Sen, C. Shah, E. Jain, et al., Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2021. 69(1): p. 140-144. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijo.IJO_2535_20
The Effect of Using Blue Light Filter Feature on Smartphones with Asthenopia Occurrence.
A.V. Wiryawan, M. Maharani, T.A. Kesoema and R. Prihatningtias, 2021, 2021. 2(1): p. 6. 10.14710/dimj.v2i1.9761
2020
Asthenopia Among University Students: The Eye of the Digital Generation.
R.I. Touma Sawaya, N. El Meski, J.B. Saba, C. Lahoud, et al., Journal of family medicine and primary care, 2020. 9(8): p. 3921-3932. 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_340_20
Effect of Ultra-high-definition Television on Ocular Surface and Fatigue.
H. Kim, H.K. Yang, J.-M. Seo, S. Lee, et al., Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO, 2020. 34(5): p. 367-374. 10.3341/kjo.2020.0032
Digital eye strain in the era of COVID-19 pandemic: An emerging public health threat.
S. Bhattacharya, S.M. Saleem and A. Singh, Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2020. 68(8): p. 1709-1710. 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1782_20
The Impact of Internet and Videogaming Addiction on Adolescent Vision: A Review of the Literature.
I. Mylona, E.S. Deres, G.-D.S. Dere, I. Tsinopoulos, et al., Frontiers in public health, 2020. 8: p. 63-63. 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00063
Is the blue light filter for spectacles and intraocular lenses helpful in improving ocular health? A systematic review of the literature.
L.A. Domínguez-Salgado, S.I. Chávez-Orta, M.Á. Duque-Rodríguez, J.J. Franco-Contreras, et al., Rev, Mex. Oftalm. (Eng.), 2020. 94: p. 19.33. https://doi.org/10.24875/RMOE.M20000085
Impact of blue light filtering glasses on computer vision syndrome in radiology residents: a pilot study.
A. Dabrowiecki, A. Villalobos and E.A. Krupinski, Journal of medical imaging (Bellingham, Wash.), 2020. 7(2): p. 022402-022402. 10.1117/1.JMI.7.2.022402
2019
Ocular and visual discomfort associated with smartphones, tablets and computers: what we do and do not know.
S. Jaiswal, L. Asper, J. Long, A. Lee, et al., Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 2019. 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1111/cxo.12851
Tear film change and ocular symptoms after reading printed book and electronic book: a crossover study.
P. Prabhasawat, W. Pinitpuwadol, D. Angsriprasert, P. Chonpimai, et al., Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology, 2019. 63(2): p. 137-144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10384-018-00648-1
Visual implications of digital device usage in school children: a cross-sectional study.
P. Ichhpujani, R.B. Singh, W. Foulsham, S. Thakur, et al., BMC Ophthalmol, 2019. 19(1): p. 76-84. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-019-1082-5
2018
Effect of Ambient Light Exposure on Ocular Fatigue during Sleep.
Y.W.N. Suh, K. H.Ahn, S. E.Oh, J., J Korean Med Sci, 2018. 33(38): p. e248. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e248
Assessment of Dry Eye Symptoms: Current Trends and Issues of Dry Eye Questionnaires in JapanReview of Dry Eye Questionnaires.
A. Shiraishi, Yuri, Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2018. 59(14): p. DES23-DES28. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.18-24570
Digital eye strain: prevalence, measurement and amelioration.
A.L. Sheppard, J.S. Wolffsohn, BMJ Open Ophthalmology, 2018. 3(1). https://bmjophth.bmj.com/content/3/1/e000146.abstract
Night Light Pollution and Ocular Fatigue.
C.A.-O.X. Park, J Korean Med Sci. , 2018. 33(38): p. e257. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e257
Management of digital eye strain.
C. Coles-Brennan, A. Sulley, G. Young, Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 2018. 102(1): p. 18-29. https://doi.org/10.1111/cxo.12798
Ocular Tolerance of Contemporary Electronic Display Devices.
A.J.Y. Clark, P.Khaderi, K. R.Moshfeghi, A. A., Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina, 2018. 49(5): p. 346-354. https://doi.org/10.3928/23258160-20180501-08
Visual function, digital behavior and the vision performance index.
S.F. Ahmed, K.C. McDermott, W.K. Burge, I.I.K. Ahmed, et al., Clinical Ophthalmology, 2018. 12: p. 2553-2561. https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTH.S187131
2017
A review of the effects of colour and light on non-image function in humans.
S. Westland, Q. Pan and S. Lee, Coloration Technology, 2017. 133(5): p. 349-361. https://doi.org/10.1111/cote.12289
The Evolving Science of Blue Light
G. Morgan, Technical White Paper, TechShieldBlue, Editor. 2017, VSP Optics Group. https://www.techshieldblue.com/uploads/8/5/2/9/85290858/the-evolving-science-of-blue-light.pdf
Short-Wavelength Light-Blocking Eyeglasses Attenuate Symptoms of Eye Fatigue.
J.B. Lin, B.W. Gerratt, C.J. Bassi and R.S. Apte, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2017. 58(1): p. 442-447. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.16-20663
The effect of blue-light blocking spectacle lenses on visual performance, macular health and the sleep-wake cycle: a systematic review of the literature.
J.G. Lawrenson, C.C. Hull and L.E. Downie, Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, 2017. 37(6): p. 644-654. https://doi.org/10.1111/opo.12406
Smart Device Use and Perceived Physical and Psychosocial Outcomes among Hong Kong Adolescents.
S.W.H. Kwok, P.H. Lee and R.L.T. Lee, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2017. 14(2): p. 205. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14020205
Viewing distance and eyestrain symptoms with prolonged viewing of smartphones.
J. Long, R. Cheung, S. Duong, R. Paynter, L. Asper, Clin Exp Optom, 2017. 100(2): p. 133-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/cxo.12453
Visual Fatigue Induced by Viewing a Tablet Computer with a High-resolution Display.
D.J. Kim, C.Y. Lim, N. Gu and C.Y. Park, Korean J Ophthalmol, 2017. 31(5): p. 388-393. https://doi.org/10.3341/kjo.2016.0095
2016
Computer vision syndrome (a.k.a. digital eye strain).
M. Rosenfield, Optometry in Practice, 2016. 17(1): p. 1-10. https://www.college-optometrists.org/oip-resource/computer-vision-syndrome–a-k-a–digital-eye-strain.html
2015
Prevalence of asthenopia in children: a systematic review with meta-analysis.
M.A.P. Vilela, L.C. Pellanda, A.G. Fassa and V.D. Castagno, Jornal de Pediatria, 2015. 91(4): p. 320-325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2014.10.008
Computer Vision Syndrome: A Review of Literature.
J. Klamm and K.G. Tarnow, Medsurg Nurs. , 2015. 24(2): p. 89-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.survophthal.2005.02.008
Computer vision syndrome: A review.
S. Gowrisankaran and J.E. Sheedy, Work, 2015. 52(2): p. 303-14. https://doi.org/10.3233/wor-152162
More Screen Time = More Digital Eye Strain, Increased electronic device use has multiplied the potential stresses on the ocular system.
L. Hall and C. Coles-Brennan, in Contact Lens Spectrum. 2015. p. 38-40. https://www.clspectrum.com/issues/2015/june-2015/more-screen-time-more-digital-eye-strain
2014
The Computer-Vision Symptom Scale (CVSS17): development and initial validation.
M. González-Pérez, R. Susi, B. Antona, A. Barrio, et al., Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 2014. 55. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.13-13818
The Computer-Vision Syndrome: A Review.
J. Bali, N. Neeraj and R. Bali, Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology and Research, 2014. 2(1): p. 61-68. https://doi.org/10.4103/2320-3897.122661
2013
E-Readers and Visual Fatigue.
S. Benedetto, V. Drai-Zerbib, M. Pedrotti, G. Tissier, et al., PLOS ONE, 2013. 8(12): p. e83676. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0083676
2011
Computer vision syndrome: a review of ocular causes and potential treatments.
M. Rosenfield, Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 2011. 31(502–515). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1313.2011.00834.x
2009
Impact of computer use on children’s vision.
N. Kozeis, Hippokratia, 2009. 13(4): p. 230-231. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2776336/
1994
Eye discomfort and work with visual display terminals.
U.O. Bergqvist and B.G. Knave, Scand J Work Environ Health, 1994. 20. https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.1432